Average Inventory

  

Categories: Accounting

What is inventory? Well, it’s just stuff you have for sale...in one form or another.

An auto dealer? All those cars sitting out there in the sun as dive bombing targets for the birds...yep, they’re inventory to the car dealership. The loads of nose hair trimmers sitting on the shelves at The Well Appointed Nostril? Yep, they’re inventory...albeit gross-ish inventory (especially after use). The 4,000 yards of denim cloth sitting in the weaving factory waiting for 13-year-old girls in Thailand to weave all together to make Levi’s for The Gap? Yep, that cloth is inventory (it isn’t finished inventory...it’s just a work in process).

All this inventory is an asset for the company who owns it, and is held as inventory...a work in process on that side of the balance sheet. Right there. And when it’s sold and turned into revenues, it’ll just become part of the expenses line on the income statement, usually as COGS or cost of goods sold.

So what are average inventories?

Well, inventory changes all the time, or at least the dollar value of the inventory at your little company, MoreOnTop Inc. So if you sell gallon jugs of BaldSpotKiller, some days you'll have 5,038 jugs. Then you sell a hundred, leaving you with 4,938 jugs. Then you'll finish that quarter with, say, 5,203. But then the next quarter you plunder your inventory to make room for the new Turbo model. Inventory declines to just 3,027 jugs. Then in the next quarter you finish plundering down to 1,938. And in the last quarter of the year you "restock" and add a bunch to inventory to bring total gallon jugs on your storage shelves to an even 5,000.

So with inventory having moved all over the place, you need a kind of trailing annual average for what you've held and in most cases, you'd just take whatever your quarter-end snap shots were...take an arithmetic average...and that number gives the best indicator of how well or poorly your year was. Things like ROA revolve around inventory so they're an important beast.

Related or Semi-related Video

Finance: What is Inventory Turnover?2 Views

00:00

Finance allah shmoop What is inventory turnover All right well

00:07

this is inventory and this is a turnover Okay so

00:11

what is it really Well you have inventory I'ii stuff

00:14

you want to sell and then you sell it You

00:16

started the year with a thousand edible necklaces The pumpkin

00:20

spice model promises to be very popular anyway You sold

00:23

them for ten dollars each So you have ten grand

00:26

in inventory But you did five hundred eighty thousand units

00:31

of sales inventory turnover Big Really big five hundred eighty

00:36

times big Okay different story Your tesla You have one

00:40

hundred tires in inventory You had that same number january

00:43

one in april twelfth In july twenty third and december

00:47

Thirty one of this year One hundred tires steady state

00:50

But you sold fifteen thousand cars in a year We'll

00:53

let four tires apiece Yeah That's a sixty thousand tires

00:57

And we're not counting that thing in the trunk It's

00:59

Not really a tyre anyway It's More like a bicycle

01:01

tire Enormous inventory turnover Sixty thousand over one hundred or

01:05

six hundred Ex enormous inventory turnover Very efficient use with

01:10

the capital spent on those hundred tires Well so why

01:13

Does inventory turnover even matter Alright Yeah it's about capital

01:16

We hinted you there Think about your capital needs Like

01:19

if you have to raise tons of money to store

01:21

tons of inventory that you take forever to sell Well

01:25

then you're not using your capital very efficiently Like why

01:29

not make the tire manufacturers who are actually in the

01:32

business of building distributing and planning for tyre demand Why

01:36

not make them hold all the inventory using their capital

01:39

not yours Well not all inventory turnover numbers mean the

01:43

same thing like what's inventory in an oil rig leasing

01:47

company Well you keep eight rigs on hand you know

01:52

you'll have to tow them out to the middle of

01:54

the ocean At some point they're crazy expensive to build

01:57

and maintain and some years when oil is really cheap

02:01

there just won't be any demand for your rigs for

02:03

drilling so you'll have to store him and oil them

02:05

and wave to them kindly So how do you make

02:08

sense out of that number like oil rig Turn over

02:11

when you're comparing it to say a grocery stores turnover

02:14

where the average six pack of diet coke last like

02:17

fifty three hours on the shelves made so inventory turnover

02:20

is really more of a quote relative to last year

02:23

unquote thing or a quote relative to our hated competitors

02:28

bob unquote kind of thing And there are ways to

02:31

game this data point as well the easiest of which

02:33

is well too Just let your inventory amount fall like

02:36

if you started the year with a thousand naked cupid

02:39

hood ornaments and let supplies dwindled to just two hundred

02:43

while then via industry norms of just taking the average

02:46

quarterly inventory levels through the year Well you might show

02:49

an average inventory of six hundred units this year thereabouts

02:53

and you'd be going into the next year with only

02:55

two hundred and generated a lot of cash along the

02:57

way Like you turned all that money that was tied

02:59

up in your inventory in the cash on your bottom

03:01

lines that good Is it bad Well just like pretty

03:04

much everything in from of finance videos and diapers it

03:07

depends Well it's good to have low inventory to a

03:09

point What happens if you run so low that customers

03:13

can't buy from you because you can't fill orders for

03:16

three months and then they go to bob than the

03:19

cost of not having enough inventory was massive You lost

03:23

sales profits and market share or power or theft and

03:27

it hurt your brand like people don't respect it as

03:29

much anymore Yeah sorry just keeping it real But in

03:31

general high turnover is good It means you're using your

03:35

inventory capital of the capital you spent to build your

03:38

inventory efficiently and that when you make it to the

03:41

top of the hill you're you know able to keep 00:03:43.925 --> [endTime] your balance Yeah

Up Next

Finance: What is inventory?
2 Views

What is inventory? From a financial perspective, inventory usually consists of A) raw materials for manufacturing products, B) products in the mids...

Finance: What is work-in-process inventory?
3 Views

What is work-in-process inventory? Manufacturing processes usually incorporate some form of assembly line platform. As such, different workstations...

Find other enlightening terms in Shmoop Finance Genius Bar(f)