What is inventory? Well, it’s just stuff you have for sale...in one form or another.
An auto dealer? All those cars sitting out there in the sun as dive bombing targets for the birds...yep, they’re inventory to the car dealership. The loads of nose hair trimmers sitting on the shelves at The Well Appointed Nostril? Yep, they’re inventory...albeit gross-ish inventory (especially after use). The 4,000 yards of denim cloth sitting in the weaving factory waiting for 13-year-old girls in Thailand to weave all together to make Levi’s for The Gap? Yep, that cloth is inventory (it isn’t finished inventory...it’s just a work in process).
All this inventory is an asset for the company who owns it, and is held as inventory...a work in process on that side of the balance sheet. Right there. And when it’s sold and turned into revenues, it’ll just become part of the expenses line on the income statement, usually as COGS or cost of goods sold.
So what are average inventories?
Well, inventory changes all the time, or at least the dollar value of the inventory at your little company, MoreOnTop Inc. So if you sell gallon jugs of BaldSpotKiller, some days you'll have 5,038 jugs. Then you sell a hundred, leaving you with 4,938 jugs. Then you'll finish that quarter with, say, 5,203. But then the next quarter you plunder your inventory to make room for the new Turbo model. Inventory declines to just 3,027 jugs. Then in the next quarter you finish plundering down to 1,938. And in the last quarter of the year you "restock" and add a bunch to inventory to bring total gallon jugs on your storage shelves to an even 5,000.
So with inventory having moved all over the place, you need a kind of trailing annual average for what you've held and in most cases, you'd just take whatever your quarter-end snap shots were...take an arithmetic average...and that number gives the best indicator of how well or poorly your year was. Things like ROA revolve around inventory so they're an important beast.
Related or Semi-related Video
Finance: What is Inventory Turnover?2 Views
Finance allah shmoop What is inventory turnover All right well
this is inventory and this is a turnover Okay so
what is it really Well you have inventory I'ii stuff
you want to sell and then you sell it You
started the year with a thousand edible necklaces The pumpkin
spice model promises to be very popular anyway You sold
them for ten dollars each So you have ten grand
in inventory But you did five hundred eighty thousand units
of sales inventory turnover Big Really big five hundred eighty
times big Okay different story Your tesla You have one
hundred tires in inventory You had that same number january
one in april twelfth In july twenty third and december
Thirty one of this year One hundred tires steady state
But you sold fifteen thousand cars in a year We'll
let four tires apiece Yeah That's a sixty thousand tires
And we're not counting that thing in the trunk It's
Not really a tyre anyway It's More like a bicycle
tire Enormous inventory turnover Sixty thousand over one hundred or
six hundred Ex enormous inventory turnover Very efficient use with
the capital spent on those hundred tires Well so why
Does inventory turnover even matter Alright Yeah it's about capital
We hinted you there Think about your capital needs Like
if you have to raise tons of money to store
tons of inventory that you take forever to sell Well
then you're not using your capital very efficiently Like why
not make the tire manufacturers who are actually in the
business of building distributing and planning for tyre demand Why
not make them hold all the inventory using their capital
not yours Well not all inventory turnover numbers mean the
same thing like what's inventory in an oil rig leasing
company Well you keep eight rigs on hand you know
you'll have to tow them out to the middle of
the ocean At some point they're crazy expensive to build
and maintain and some years when oil is really cheap
there just won't be any demand for your rigs for
drilling so you'll have to store him and oil them
and wave to them kindly So how do you make
sense out of that number like oil rig Turn over
when you're comparing it to say a grocery stores turnover
where the average six pack of diet coke last like
fifty three hours on the shelves made so inventory turnover
is really more of a quote relative to last year
unquote thing or a quote relative to our hated competitors
bob unquote kind of thing And there are ways to
game this data point as well the easiest of which
is well too Just let your inventory amount fall like
if you started the year with a thousand naked cupid
hood ornaments and let supplies dwindled to just two hundred
while then via industry norms of just taking the average
quarterly inventory levels through the year Well you might show
an average inventory of six hundred units this year thereabouts
and you'd be going into the next year with only
two hundred and generated a lot of cash along the
way Like you turned all that money that was tied
up in your inventory in the cash on your bottom
lines that good Is it bad Well just like pretty
much everything in from of finance videos and diapers it
depends Well it's good to have low inventory to a
point What happens if you run so low that customers
can't buy from you because you can't fill orders for
three months and then they go to bob than the
cost of not having enough inventory was massive You lost
sales profits and market share or power or theft and
it hurt your brand like people don't respect it as
much anymore Yeah sorry just keeping it real But in
general high turnover is good It means you're using your
inventory capital of the capital you spent to build your
inventory efficiently and that when you make it to the
top of the hill you're you know able to keep 00:03:43.925 --> [endTime] your balance Yeah
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