Time Decay

  

Categories: Derivatives

See: Theta Decay.

It sounds like what happens when you don't floss, but it actually refers to the way that the time value of a stock option decays or declines with time.

The closer to the expiration date, the smaller the time value of the option. (Time value: as in...if you had an option to buy KO for $50 when KO is today trading at $42, and that option expired in 2 weeks, it probably wouldn't be worth much, because the odds of KO trading much above $50 in the next 2 weeks is relatively low. But if you had Theta (or time) of 3 years before the option expired, then yeah, that option could be worth a ton.)

Example:

You sold puts on GOOG at $450 for $35 which expire in 4 months. The stock today is at $600. That is, you sold the right for someone to make you buy shares of GOOG at $450 any time between now and 4 months from now for 35 bucks. Things go along and, well, GOOG just stays pretty flat, doing a whole lot of nothing.

It's now 3 days before those put options expire (we've gone 3.9 months with a whole lot of nothing happening in GOOG). The stock is still around $600 a share. What are the odds it plummets $150+ in 3 days? Really low. So the value of those puts is almost fully expired—its Theta has decayed to just 3 days' worth of trading time, and it is highly likely you just collect your 35 bucks, walk away, and buy yourself a really nice burger at a Manhattan eatery.

Related or Semi-related Video

Finance: What Is a Call Option?25 Views

00:00

finance a la shmoop. what is a call option? option? option, where are you? okay

00:09

yeah yeah. not phone options, call options. and a close but no cigar. a call option [man smokes in a tub of cash]

00:14

is the right to call or buy a security. the concept is easy the math is hard.

00:24

you think Coca Cola's poised for a breakout as they go into the new low

00:30

calorie beverage business. their stock is at 50 bucks a share and you can buy a [man stands on a stage as crowd cheers]

00:35

call option for $1. well that call option buys you the right

00:39

to then buy coke stock at 55 bucks a share anytime you want in the next

00:44

hundred and 20 days. so let's say Coke announces its new sugarless drink flavor

00:48

zero it's two weeks later and the stock skyrockets to fifty eight dollars a

00:53

share. you've already paid the dollar for the option now you have to exercise it. [man lifts weights]

00:59

so you buy the stock and you're all in now for fifty five dollars plus one or

01:04

fifty six bucks a share and your total value is now fifty eight bucks. well you

01:10

could turn around today and sell the bundle that moment, and you'll have

01:13

turned your dollar into two dollars of profit really fast. and obviously had the [equation on screen]

01:18

stock not skyrocketed so quickly well you would have lost everything. still you

01:23

lucked out and now you're sitting on some serious cash, courtesy of your call [two men in a tub of cash]

01:27

options. as for Coke flavor zero turned out to be nothing more than canned water.

Up Next

Finance: What are Theta and Theta Decay?
10 Views

Theta refers to either the amount of time left on a contract, or the sorority girl asking if you want to come to her mixer. The answer will always...

Finance: What is a Derivative?
23 Views

A derivative of a security is a "something" which derives its value based on the performance of that security... either a put option or a call option.

Finance: What Is a Put Option?
83 Views

What is a put option? A put option is a type of contract that lets the investor sell shares of a stock at a certain price and within a window of ti...

Find other enlightening terms in Shmoop Finance Genius Bar(f)