Paradiso Faith Quotes
How we cite our quotes: Citations follow this format: (Canto.Line). We used Allen Mandelbaum's translation.
Quote #1
If I was body (and on earth we can
not see how things material can share
one space – the case, when body enters body),
then should our longing be still more inflamed
to see that Essence in which we discern
how God and human nature were made one.
What we hold here by faith, shall there be seen,
not demonstrated but directly known,
even as the first truth that man believes. (Par. II, 37-45)
On seeing how his body arrives in the body of the moon but does not displace any material, Dante is amazed. His amazement quickly becomes a reminder of the miracle of Jesus Christ, who is of two natures, "God and human." Because human beings deem it impossible for two bodies to occupy the same space, we must "hold here by faith" that God can make it possible.
Quote #2
[Beatrice]: "Neither the Seraph closest unto God,
nor Moses, Samuel, nor either John –
whichever one you will – nor Mary has,
I say, their place in any other heaven
than that which houses those souls you just saw,
nor will their blessedness last any longer.
But all those souls grace the Empyrean;
and each of them has gentle life – though some
sense the Eternal Spirit more, some less.
They showed themselves to you here not because
this is their sphere, but as a sign for you
that in the Empyrean their place is lowest.
Such signs are suited to your mind, since from
the senses only can it apprehend
what then becomes fit for the intellect." (Par. IV, 28-42)
Here is another fact that Dante must swallow on pure faith. The souls he sees in each of the heavens are not actually there. They only appear there to mortal Dante because "such signs are suited to [his] mind," which can only understand the information it receives "from the senses." In other words, because Piccarda and Empress Constance broke their vows, their images appear on the moon, a star famous for its inconstancy. To the logical human mind, the souls' placement on the various stars makes sense, given their varying levels of blessedness. But in reality, all souls in Heaven inhabit the Empyrean with God.
Quote #3
O senseless cares of mortals, how deceiving
are syllogistic reasonings that bring
your wings to flight so low, to earthly things!
One studied law and one the Aphorisms
of the physicians; one was set on priesthood
and one, through force or fraud, on rulership;
one meant to plunder, one to politick;
one labored, tangled in delights of flesh,
and one was fully bent on indolence;
while I [Dante], delivered from our servitude
to all these things, was in the heights of heaven
with Beatrice, so gloriously welcomed. (Par. XI, 1-12)
In a moment of pride, Dante watches the bustle of human activity – bent only towards practical ends – down on Earth. He condescendingly views each of these activities as "senseless cares" that follow "syllogistic reasoning." Having learned from Beatrice, Dante now knows that reason alone (which guides the mortals below) will not win one a place in Paradise. Faith, too, is required.
Quote #4
[St. Thomas]: "My words did not prevent your seeing clearly
that it was as a king that he had asked
for wisdom that would serve his royal task –
and not to know the number of the angels
on high or, if combined with a contingent,
necesse ever can produce necesse,
or si est dare primum motum esse,
or if, within a semicircle, one
can draw a triangle with no right angle.
Thus, if you note both what I said and say,
by 'matchless vision' it is kingly prudence
my arrow of intention means to strike;" (Par. XIII, 94-105)
Here St. Thomas recounts the story of King Solomon, who had a dream in which God appeared and offered to answer any question he wanted. Wisely, Solomon asked "for wisdom that would serve his royal task," which was how to distinguish between right and wrong – instead of worldly things like long life, wealth, or his enemies' heads. Here in the heaven of the sun (renowned for its wisdom), St. Thomas substitutes these worldly things for intellectual conundrums famous in medieval times. Dante and we (as readers) both learn to see Solomon's faith in asking for "kingly prudence" rather than for unhelpful scraps of information. It is implied that Solomon trusts God knows these things as well, but asks only for practical wisdom.
Quote #5
Then – and he was a joy to hear and see –
that spirit [Cacciaguida] added to his first words things
that were too deep to meet my understanding.
Not that he chose to hide his sense from me;
necessity compelled him; he conceived
beyond the mark a mortal mind can reach.
And when his bow of burning sympathy
was slack enough to let his speech descend
to meet the limit of our intellect,
these were the first words where I caught the sense: (Par. XV, 37-46)
As shown here, the blessed souls naturally speak on a level the human mind cannot comprehend. In his excitement, Cacciaguida unintentionally does just this. Dante compares his speech to a target "beyond the mark [where] a mortal mind can reach," as if human comprehension were an arrow shot from a faulty bow that can only reach so far. Anything beyond the reach of the arrow must be believed on pure faith or, in this case, until Cacciaguida's "bow of burning sympathy / [is] slack enough to let his speech descend / to meet the limit of our intellect."
Quote #6
[The Eagle]: "Thus it is clear that every lesser nature
is – all the more – too meager a container
for endless Good, which is Its own sole measure.
In consequence of this, your vision – which
must be a ray of that Intelligence
with which all beings are infused – cannot
of its own nature find sufficient force
to see into its origin beyond
what God himself makes manifest to man;
therefore, the vision that your world receives
can penetrate into Eternal Justice
no more than eye can penetrate the sea;
for though, near shore, sight reaches the sea floor,
you cannot reach it in the open sea;
yet it is there, but hidden by the deep." (Par. XIX, 49-63)
The Eagle makes it clear to Dante that God only makes some things "manifest to man" and that man's "ray of…Intelligence" cannot always see things clearly. His metaphor, comparing man's intelligence to a ray of light and all the knowledge of the universe as a "sea" reminds readers of Dante's image of the "mighty sea of being" which is life. Man's "sight [only] reaches the sea floor" "near shore" and cannot see any deeper.
Quote #7
[The Eagle]: …"No one without belief in Christ
has ever risen to this kingdom – either
before or after He was crucified.
But there are many who now cry 'Christ! Christ!'
who at the Final Judgment shall be far
less close to Him than one who knows not Christ;
the Ethiopian will shame such Christians
when the two companies are separated,
the one forever rich, the other poor." (Par. XIX, 103-111)
Here, the Eagle points out the false words of sinful men who insincerely cry out "Christ! Christ!" without living by their words. He suggests that their faith is so faulty that even "Ethiopians" who "know…not Christ" will be better rewarded in their innocent ignorance than these false Christians.
Quote #8
[Dante to St. Peter]: …"Father, as the truthful pen
of your dear brother wrote – that brother who,
with you, set Rome upon the righteous road –
faith is the substance of the things we hope for
and is the evidence of things not seen;
and this I take to be its quiddity." (Par. XXIV, 60-65)
St. Peter and Dante's conversation here echoes one that St. Peter had with St. Paul ("your dear brother") in the New Testament. There, St. Peter questions St. Paul on faith, just as he does with Dante here, and Dante answers with the identical words St. Paul uses. Faith is, paradoxically, a "substance" of things not yet achieved, but "hope[d] for" and also "evidence of things not seen." These are unusual definitions because we usually think of "substance" and "evidence" as things we can perceive with one or more of our five senses.
Quote #9
[Dante to St. Peter]: I next: "The deep things that on me bestow
their image here, are hid from sight below,
so that their being lies in faith alone,
and on that faith the highest hope is founded;
and thus it is that faith is called a substance.
And it is from this faith that we must reason,
deducing what we can from syllogisms,
without our being able to see more:
thus faith is also called an evidence." (Par. XXIV, 70-78)
Dante explains why faith is a "substance": the "deep things" which are "hid[den] from sight" are Paradise and its blessedness. Because man is blind to these things and cannot sense, he must take the assumption of "their being" on faith alone. Faith is also called "evidence" because, where we usually take evidence to be something we can sense, Paradise and blessedness cannot be perceived by man, and thus their "evidence" must be only faith.
Quote #10
[St. Peter to Dante]: "What is the origin of the dear gem
that comes to you, the gem on which all virtues
are founded?" I: "The Holy Ghost's abundant
rain poured upon the parchments old and new;
that the syllogism that has proved
with such persuasiveness that faith has truth –
when set beside that argument, all other
demonstrations seem to me obtuse." (Par. XXIV, 89-96)
Dante cites the Holy Ghost, the third member of the Holy Trinity, as the source for all faith. His "persuasiveness that faith has truth" is supported by Jesus in John 14:15-18, where He calls the Holy Ghost the "Spirit of Truth." This links back to why faith is seen as "evidence" for the unseen truths of Paradise and its blessedness.
Quote #11
I answer: I believe in one God – sole,
eternal – He who, motionless, moves all
the heavens with His love and love for Him;
for this belief I have not only proofs
both physical and metaphysical;
I also have the truth that here rains down
through Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms
and through the Gospels and through you who wrote
words given to you by the Holy Ghost.
And I believe in three Eternal Persons,
and these I do believe to be one essence,
so single and threefold as to allow
both is and are. Of this profound condition
of God that I have touched on, Gospel teaching
has often asset the imprint on my mind.
This is the origin, this is the spark
that then extends into a vivid flame
and, like a star in heaven, glows in me." (Par. XXIV, 130-147)
Dante recites his creed, a religious confession of faith beginning with his belief in "one God." He cites Scripture, both books in the Old Testament ("Moses and the Prophets" and the "Psalms") as well as those in the New Testament ("the Gospels" and the writings of the Apostles) as proof of God's existence. He then goes on to map the triune form of God in the Holy Trinity – in which there are Three in One and One in Three. This allows God to be called by the singular "is" or the plural "are." As a statement of truth, this creed ends in a bit of light imagery – a "spark," "vivid flame," and "star in heaven" – which enlightens Dante and "glows in [him]."
Quote #12
That circle – which, begotten so, appeared
in You as light reflected – when my eyes
had watched it with attention for some time,
within itself and colored like itself,
to me seemed painted with our effigy,
so that my sight was set on it completely.
As the geometer intently seeks
to square the circle, but he cannot reach,
through thought on thought the principle he needs,
so I searched that strange sight: I wished to see
the way in which our human effigy
suited the circle and found place in it –
and my own wings were far too weak for that. (Par. XXXIII, 127-139)
Dante's final lasting image in Paradiso is of the second circle (the Son) of the Holy Trinity. Here he witnesses the mystery of the Incarnation, that Christ had both the nature of man and God in one body, symbolized by the fact that "our effigy" (the image of man) "seemed painted" on the second circle but was "colored like itself." In other words, man's image is the same color as the rest of the circle around it, but yet Dante can see it. Seeing, however, does not necessarily mean understanding. When Dante ponders it ("I wished to see / the way in which our human effigy / suited the circle"), he cannot comprehend it ("my own wings were far too weak").